1939 Bolivia Germán Busch Becerra commits suicide PHOTO
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President Busch committs suicide
Photo shows the Bolivian President Germán Busch Becerra few days before committing suicide.
Immagine d'epoca del dittatore boliviano Germán Busch Becerra pochi giorni prima del proprio suicidio.
Foto Keystone - Paris
Vera fotografia d'epoca, originale e autentica.
In buone condizioni.
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Note: Germán Busch Becerra (San Javier, Santa Cruz province, Bolivia, March 23, 1904 - August 23, 1939) was a former Bolivian military officer, hero of the Chaco War (1932-35, in which Bolivia was defeated by Paraguay), and president of Bolivia between 1937 and 1939.
Germán Busch was born in San Javier, in central Bolivia's hot, fertile, coffee-growing region to a physician, a German immigrant and a mother of mixed Italian and Amerindian descent.
Known for his torrid, fearless, and reckless temperament, he seemed to dominate the Bolivian army by force of his personality alone (in addition to his feats of bravery on the field), despite his relatively lower rank. As a Major, he took part, and carried the bulk of the action, in the highly controversial coup d'état that overthrew of the Constitutional President Daniel Salamanca in November 1934, right in the middle of the war and in the very theater of operations. The reason for this was the constant butting of heads of the Bolivian High Command with Salamanca over the conduct of the war and the issuing of military appointments and promotions. Busch again conspired in 1936, this time overthrowing Salamanca's successor and former vice-president, José Luis Tejada, and installing his higher-ranked friend and comrade David Toro as de-facto President. Toro presided over a reformist experiment called Military Socialism (championed by Busch) for a bit over a year, before Busch himself overthrew Toro and installed himself in the Palacio Quemado on July 1937, alleging that Toro's controversial past made him a liability to the regime and he was better off leading it.
He called a Constituent Assembly and restored the Constitution which was suspended after the 1936 coup. In 1938, he even managed to be proclaimed Constitutional President by the Assembly. He also made various attempts to restore the nearly collapsed Bolivian economy. Later still, he tired of the "political game" and, totally untrained in the art of compromise, declared himself Dictator, thus nullifying the very political order he had painstakingly created. Bogged down for most of his presidency in the procedural aspects of enacting a new political framework (the Assembly, the new Constitution) he was not able to pass many meanigful reforms, despite his stated aim of "deepening" the Military Socialism of Toro.
Because his army contained thousands of German advisors and German-trained soldiers, Busch (of part-German ancestry himself) was suspected to have Nazi tendencies. However, Busch strongly denied this, claiming that his regime was "uniquely Bolivian."
Unable to control events the way he would have liked, President Busch committed suicide at about 5 AM on August 23, 1939, shooting himself in the right temple. Following the President's death, the more conservative and pro-oligarchic elements in the Bolivian reasserted themselves, concluding that reformism had gone entirely too far. Since Busch had proclaimed himself dictator, there was no constitutional succession to speak of, and General Carlos Quintanilla was proclaimed president by the armed forces.
Busch is still regarded as a Bolivian hero, and as well-meaning if erratic proponent of the changes that would later be carried out in the 1952 National Revolution.
